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1 May 2002 Use of a Magnetic Compass for Y-Axis Orientation in Larval Bullfrogs, Rana catesbeiana
Michael J. Freake, S. Chris Borland, John B. Phillips
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Abstract

The use of a magnetic compass plays a significant role in the daily and seasonal movements of numerous organisms; however among amphibians, magnetic compass orientation has been convincingly demonstrated only in eastern red-spotted newts, Notophthalmus viridescens, with some indirect evidence coming from several species of bufonid toads. In this study, larval bullfrogs, Rana catesbeiana, were trained in outdoor tanks with two different Y-axis (shore/deep water) directions and then tested in an indoor arena in one of four symmetrical alignments of an earth-strength magnetic field. The tadpoles oriented bimodally along the correct magnetic direction of the Y-axis experienced during training, demonstrating that this anuran species is able to learn and orient along the Y-axis by sensing the geomagnetic field.

The American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists
Michael J. Freake, S. Chris Borland, and John B. Phillips "Use of a Magnetic Compass for Y-Axis Orientation in Larval Bullfrogs, Rana catesbeiana," Copeia 2002(2), 466-471, (1 May 2002). https://doi.org/10.1643/0045-8511(2002)002[0466:UOAMCF]2.0.CO;2
Accepted: 11 July 2001; Published: 1 May 2002
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